[Profile of the Family Doctor who gains access to positions with teaching tutorship of Family and Community Medicine by means of relocation examination in Galicia]. / Perfil del médico de familia que accede a plazas con tutoría docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria mediante concurso de traslados en Galicia.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the profile of Family Doctors who gain access to positions, both to the general quota, as well those reserved for teaching tutors of Family and Community Medicine, by means of a relocation competition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive observational study was conducted in which 2 comparison groups were established: A Non-Teaching group that did not include Family Doctors who did not request or gain access to tutor positions, and a Teaching group with those that gained access to positions reserved for tutors. The information was obtained from the marks of the relocation competition carried out in Galicia in 2018. A total of 426 General Practitioners that entered the examination were included, of which 301 were female (70.7%) and 125 (29.3%) males. The variables were the obtaining of a position reserved for tutor, gender, and the merits considered in the competition: professional experience, training, scientific publications, and Galician language. The non-parametric statistics tests of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis were used, after checking for non-normal distribution. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found in the distribution by gender in favour of males in the Teaching group compared to the Non-Teaching group (P<.01). The Teaching group obtained better results in training and publications. The females obtained statistically significant results in their favour in the training variable, and the males in experience. CONCLUSIONS: For the choice of teaching places in relocation interviews and examinations, publications and training had an important weighting; but, taking the gender perspective into account, a lower percentage of women had gained access to teaching positions due to having lower score in the experience category.

[Regulatory requirements; What steps must be taken before starting a biomedical research study?] / Requerimientos normativos: ¿Qué pasos tengo que seguir antes de iniciar un estudio de investigación biomédica?

Studies of research with human beings, their biological specimens, or their personal data in the field of biomedicine have been subject to regulation since the middle of the last century. Initially a regulation based on recommendations such as the Nuremberg Code, the Belmont Report or the first versions of the Declaration of Helsinki. All of them documents in which the principles (autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice) were conceptualized, and that all researchers had to follow in the development of their research. This first phase is known as a period of self-regulation, because it is considered that the researchers themselves could, by following these recommendations, carry out their investigations without further control. Subsequently, it went through a clearly regulatory period in which the premises of these recommendations were progressively incorporated into the legal system of the different countries, and with this, arose the external control of the investigation by the administrations and other bodies, such as the Research Ethics Committees. The purpose of this article is to serve as a guide to professionals whose main activity is care in the field of Primary Care and who, in turn, are interested in initiating research studies to respond to uncertainties in the context of their daily activity that may arise.

Prediction of dengue outbreaks in Mexico based on entomological, meteorological and demographic data.

Dengue virus has shown a complex pattern of transmission across Latin America over the last two decades. In an attempt to explain the permanence of the disease in regions subjected to drought seasons lasting over six months, various hypotheses have been proposed. These include transovarial transmission, forest reservoirs and asymptomatic human virus carriers. Dengue virus is endemic in Mexico, a country in which half of the population is seropositive. Seropositivity is a risk factor for Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever upon a second encounter with the dengue virus. Since Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever can cause death, it is important to develop epidemiological mathematical tools that enable policy makers to predict regions potentially at risk for a dengue epidemic. We formulated a mathematical model of dengue transmission, considering both human behavior and environmental conditions pertinent to the transmission of the disease. When data on past human population density, temperature and rainfall were entered into this model, it provided an accurate picture of the actual spread of dengue over recent years in four states (representing two climactic conditions) in Mexico.

Fenómeno de Raynaud secundario a un colirio antiglaucomatoso / Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to anti-glaucoma eye drops

No disponible

Scattering approach to fidelity decay in closed systems and parametric level correlations.

Based on an exact analytical approach to describe scattering fidelity experiments [Köber et al., Phys. Rev. E 82, 036207 (2010)], we obtain an expression for the fidelity amplitude decay of quantum chaotic or diffusive systems under arbitrary Hermitian perturbations. This allows us to rederive previous separately obtained results in a simpler and unified manner, as is shown explicitly for the case of a global perturbation. The general expression is also used to derive a so far unpublished exact analytical formula for the case of a moving S-wave scatterer. In the second part of the paper, we extend a relation between fidelity decay and parametric level correlations from the universal case of global perturbations to an arbitrary combination of global and local perturbations. Thereby, the relation becomes a versatile tool for the analysis of unknown perturbations.

[Tumor necrosis factor blocking agents: a review. Part I: Clinical efficacy evaluation]. / Lugar en terapéutica de los medicamentos antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral. Parte I: evaluación clínica.

Blockade of tumor necrosis factor with monoclonal antibodies, has emerged as one of the most promising therapies in some autoimmune conditions as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and Crohn s disease. They have shown effectiveness on reducing symptoms and modifying the progression of the disease. However, they disrupt the balance of inflammatory and immune responses and some risks associated with TNF-blockers have become apparent. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence about benefits and risk associated with the use of TNF-blockers in approved indications and to provide practical recommendations for its use in the management of these conditions.

[Tumor necrosis factor blocking agents: a review. Part II: safety and recommendations]. / Lugar en terapéutica de los medicamentos antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral. (2da de dos partes): de los efectos indeseados y recomendaciones.

Blockade of tumor necrosis factor with monoclonal antibodies, has emerged as one of the most promising therapies in some autoimmune conditions as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and Crohn's disease. They have shown effectiveness on reducing symptoms and modifying the progression of the disease. However, they disrupt the balance of inflammatory and immune responses and some risks associated with TNF-blockers have become apparent. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence about benefits and risk associated with the use of TNF-blockers in approved indications and to provide practical recommendations for its use in the management of this conditions.

Lugar en terapéutica de los medicamentos antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral. (2ª de dos partes): de los efectos indeseados y recomendaciones / Tumor necrosis factor blocking agents: a review. Part II: safety and recommendations

Los anticuerpos monoclonales que antagonizan el factor de necrosis tumoral (ATNF) son uno de los avances terapéuticos de mayor importancia de los últimos años. Han demostrado, no sólo poder controlar los síntomas de pacientes que no responden a fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad, sino tambien detener la progresión, en enfermedades con un componente autoinmune como la artritis reumatoide, la espondiloartritis, la artritis psoriásica y la enfermedad de Crohn. Sin embargo, los ATNF alteran el delicado y complejo equilibrio de las respuestas inflamatoria e inmune del organismo por lo que es de temer que su utilización conlleve efectos indeseados importantes y frecuentes. En este artículo hemos revisado la evaluación clínica publicada orientada a valorar su eficacia en las indicaciones donde su uso está autorizado, los datos existentes sobre su toxicidad y efectos indeseados en los pacientes que los han recibido y las recomendaciones sobre su utilización orientadas a mejorar su relación beneficio/riesgo

Blockade of tumor necrosis factor with monoclonal antibodies, has emerged as one of the most promising therapies in some autoimmune conditions as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and Crohn’s disease. They have shown effectiveness on reducing symptoms and modifying the progression of the disease. However, they disrupt the balance of inflammatory and immune responses and some risks associated with TNF-blockers have become apparent. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence about benefits and risk associated with the use of TNF-blockers in approved indications and to provide practical recommendations for its use in the management of this conditions

Lugar en terapéutica de los medicamentos antagonistas del factor de necrosis tumoral. Parte I: evaluación clínica / Tumor necrosis factor blocking agents: a review. Part I: clincial efficacy evaluation

Los anticuerpos monoclonales que antagonizan el factor de necrosis tumoral (ATNF) son uno de los avances terapéuticos de mayor importancia de los últimos años. Han demostrado, no sólo poder controlar los síntomas de pacientes que no responden a fármacos modificadores de la enfermedad, sino tambien detener la progresión, en enfermedades con un componente autoinmune como la artritis reumatoide, la espondiloartritis, la artritis psoriásica y la enfermedad de Crohn. Sin embargo, los ATNF alteran el delicado y complejo equilibrio de las respuestas inflamatoria e inmune del organismo por lo que es de temer que su utilización conlleve efectos indeseados importantes y frecuentes. En este artículo hemos revisado la evaluación clínica publicada orientada a valorar su eficacia en las indicaciones donde su uso está autorizado, los datos existentes sobre su toxicidad y efectos indeseados en los pacientes que los han recibido y las recomendaciones sobre su utilización orientadas a mejorar su relación beneficio/riesgo

Blockade of tumor necrosis factor with monoclonal antibodies, has emerged as one of the most promising therapies in some autoimmune conditions as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and Crohn’s disease. They have shown effectiveness on reducing symptoms and modifying the progression of the disease. However, they disrupt the balance of inflammatory and immune responses and some risks associated with TNF-blockers have become apparent. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence about benefits and risk associated with the use of TNF-blockers in approved indications and to provide practical recommendations for its use in the management of this conditions

[Drug interactions in the prescription of medical patients at hospital discharge]. / Interacciones entre medicamentos prescritos al alta en un Servicio de Medicina Interna.

OBJECTIVES: To detect and evaluate the clinical significance of drugs interactions in patients discharged from hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively screened the medication for potential drug interactions of 412 patients discharged. Interactions were catalogued according to clinical importance following the Hansten and Horn's classification. RESULTS: Three hundred twenty-nine potential interactions were detected. The 39.9% of the patients had at least one potentially interacting drug combination. The 52.6% of the interactions were catalogued as Class 3, bearing in mind minimizing the risk of the interaction. We did not find any Class 1 or 2 interactions, which have potentially major severity. Oral anticoagulants and digoxin were the most frequently implicated drugs. The patient monitoring was well done in the 100% of the interactions of Oral anticoagulants with other drug, but in the interactions of digoxin with another, this control was not done adequately. One patient was rehospitalised due to high levels of digoxin, he had been discharged with two potential interactions. CONCLUSIONS: The frequently of potential drug interactions in medical patients at hospital discharged was high, but the clinical significance appear to be low.

Interacciones entre medicamentos prescritos al alta en un Servicio de Medicina Interna / Drug interactions in the prescription of medical patients at hospital discharge

Objetivos: Estimar la frecuencia y valorar la relevancia teórica y repercusión clínica real de las interacciones medicamentosas en pacientes dados de alta desde un área médica. Material y métodos: Se revisan los tratamientos al alta de 412 pacientes de forma aleatoria. Se identifican las potenciales interacciones usando la Guía de Terapia Farmacológica Medimecum. Para la clasificaciónsegún su relevancia clínica teórica se usa la propuesta por Hansten y Horn. Resultados: Se encuentran 329 interacciones teóricas. El 39,9% de los pacientes presentaban al menos una interacción [IC 95%, 34,9%-44,9%]. El 52,6% de las interacciones eran clase 3 según Hansten, aquellas en las que ha de tomarse alguna medida para disminuir el riesgo de efectos indeseables. No se encontró ninguna interacción clase 1 ó 2 de Hansten, categorías de mayor gravedad. Las interacciones clase 3 más frecuentes implican a anticoagulantes orales y digoxina. Las medidas de control fueron realizadas en el 100% de los casos para las interacciones entre anticoagulantes orales y otros fármacos. En las interacciones de digoxina y otros fármacos las medidas de control recomendadas no fueron realizadas suficientemente. Un paciente reingresó con niveles porencima de rango de digoxina, habiendo sido dado de alta con dos potenciales interacciones. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de interacciones en pacientes dados dealta desde el área médica es alta. La relevancia teórica y la práctica parece ser baja

Objectives: To detect and evaluate the clinical significance of drugs interactions in patients discharged from hospital. Material and methods: We retrospectively screened the medication for potential drug interactions of 412 patients discharged. Interactions were catalogued according to clinical importance following the Hanstenand Horn’s classification. Results: Three hundred twenty-nine potential interactions were detected. The 39.9% of the patients had at least one potentially interactingdrug combination. The 52.6% of the interactions were catalogued as Class 3, bearing in mind minimizing the risk of the interaction. We did not find any Class 1 or 2 interactions, which have potentially major severity.Oral anticoagulants and digoxin were the most frequently implicated drugs. The patient monitoring was well done in the 100% of the interactions of Oral anticoagulants with other drug, but in the interactions of digoxin with another, this control was not done adequately. One patientwas re-hospitalised due to high levels of digoxin, he had been discharged with two potential interactions. Conclusions: The frequently of potential drug interactions in medical patients at hospital discharged was high, but the clinical significance appear to be low